In Lomellina and in the region of Pavia the most intense cold, after the feast of Sant’Antonio Abate, coincided with January 20, the day of San Sebastian.
Background of San Sebastiano
San Sebastiano was born in 256 AD in Narbonne, France. C. and in Milan he was educated and instructed in the principles of the Christian faith, then he came to Rome, where he entered the military circle in the company of the emperors. A senior officer in the Imperial Army and commander of the prestigious First Praetorian Court, strong in his convictions, he aided Christian prisoners, organized the burials of martyrs, and spread Christianity among court officials and the army.
The first child prodigy linked to San Sebastiano, recounted in the Passio of the Saint, recounts the episode of two young Christians, Marco and Marcelliano, sons of Tranquillino, arrested by the prefect of Cromazio. Tranquillino asked for a 30 day extension of the trial to convince his children to give up their faith and escape fate, Marco and Marcelliano were about to give in when San Sebastiano came to visit.
It is said that during the interview a light shone on those present and Zoe, the wife of the boss of the law firm Nicostrato, who had been silent for six years, resumed speaking.
The event led to the conversion of Zoé, her husband Nicostrato, her brother-in-law Castorio, the Roman prefect Cromazio, who left office to retire, and his son Tiburzio.
At the news, the emperor had Sebastiano sentenced to death, who was tied to a stake on the Palatine, stripped naked and pierced with dozens of arrows, leaving the body behind the soldiers who obeyed the terrible order.
But Sebastiano was saved by Saint Irene of Rome, who, finding him still alive, took him to her house and healed him, and in a short time he returned to Diocletian and confronted him with the persecutions against Christians , but it cost him the penalty of flogging to death.
In 304 AD, C. Sebastiano was killed in the Palatine Hippodrome and the body was thrown into the Cloaca Maxima, the oldest sewer pipe in the capital, but it became entangled near the Church of San Giorgio al Velabro in the Ripa district of the historic center. from Rome, where the matron Lucina found him and took him to the catacombs of the Via Appia, now dedicated to the saint.
The Cult of San Sebastiano
The cult of San Sebastiano began in the early centuries, as evidenced by the inclusion of the holy soldier in the “Depositio martyrum”, known as the oldest calendar of the Church of Rome, established in 354.
The erection of a statue of San Sebastiano in the High Middle Ages mitigated the spread of the plague during the Lombard siege of Pavia, where in fact an altar dedicated to San Sebastiano was also erected in the Church of San Pietro in Vincoli , as in Rome, which changed over the centuries the basilica built on the catacombs developed an important cult.
By the diffusion of the relics in the then Roman colonies of Africa, Spain, Gaul and Germany, the worship of the Holy Soldier extended beyond the borders of Rome.
San Sebastiano is known today as the patron saint of traffic and local police officers, archers, arquebusiers, upholsterers, needle makers and generally of the many categories of crafts related to arrows and tools pointed, and is invoked during epidemics. with San Rocco.
Abroad, he is highly revered in Spain, France, Germany and Hungary.
For farmers, San Sebastiano is one of the three saints, together with San Mauro and Sant’Antonio Abate, known as the snow merchants, that is, that period in mid-January when the cold intensifies facing spring.
This article is originally published on romandie-guide.ch